Evaluación de la toxicidad potencial de metales en un suelo cercano al volcán Tungurahua, Ecuador
Resumen
La actividad del volcán Tungurahua en 2016 provocó caída de ceniza y episodios de lava, concentrándose principalmente en la región de Quero. Se evaluó el contenido total de metales y su biodisponibilidad en un suelo agrícola cercano a este volcán. El contenido total de metales se estimó mediante digestión ácida asistida con microondas y la biodisponilidad por extracción con EDTA. Los metales mayoritarios se midieron con absorción atómica de llama, mientras que los minoritarios con horno de grafito. El contenido total de Cd (0,13-0,22 mg/kg), Pb (1,3 2,5 mg/kg), Co (2,1-5 mg/kg), Ni (9,4-15,4 mg/kg), Cu (15,5-20,5 mg/kg) y Zn (27-36 mg/kg), estuvo por debajo de los valores establecidos en la normativa ecuatoriana. Mientras que, Sr (5,1-11,3 mg/kg), Mn (138-216 mg/kg), Fe (5537-9426 mg/kg), Mg (1065-3128 mg/kg) y K (79-147 mg/kg) fueron comparables a otros suelos volcánicos. En conclusión, los suelos estudiados no son potencialmente tóxicos para prácticas agrícolas respecto al contenido de metales.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Jorge Alexander Briceño Carrasquel; Daniela Paola Ávalos Espinoza, Carlos Humberto Aguas Changoluisa, Mónica del Pilar Silva Ordóñez
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